Optical and photography gear on a plane
Keep undeveloped film accessible
At a US checkpoint, TSA allows photographic film in either bag but recommends carrying undeveloped film in the cabin. Keep the rolls and any loaded camera accessible so you can ask for a hand inspection before they go through screening equipment. That protects the image material; the camera and its batteries still follow their own baggage rules. See the TSA film entry.
Optics with batteries
Protect the lenses of binoculars from impact. A stabilised model or night vision goggles may contain a lithium battery. If such a device goes in checked baggage, switch it off completely and prevent accidental activation. Carry loose spare lithium cells in the cabin with their terminals protected. FAA battery guidance explains the difference; check the battery's rating and your airline's limits.
Tripods, monopods and pointers
Measure a folded tripod or monopod with its head and case attached before relying on cabin space. Cover pointed feet and assess removable sharp tips separately. Keep a laser pointer's switch protected so it cannot turn on inside the bag. TSA lists these ordinary items for screening in both bags, while the airline determines whether the packed support fits in the cabin. Use the TSA item list for a US departure and check other airports on your route.